CEA Nursing Practice Exam

Which agent is known for causing significant constipation and lower extremity edema in patients?

1. Insulin

2. Furosemide

3. Amlodipine (Norvasc)

4. Metoprolol (Lopressor)

The correct answer is: Amlodipine (Norvasc)

Amlodipine, commonly known as Norvasc, is a calcium channel blocker primarily used to treat high blood pressure and angina. One of the notable side effects associated with amlodipine is peripheral edema, which refers to the swelling of the lower extremities due to fluid accumulation. This occurs because the medication can cause vasodilation, leading to increased hydrostatic pressure in the blood vessels, which then results in fluid leaking into the surrounding tissues. Furthermore, while amlodipine is not typically associated with causing significant constipation as frequently as some other medications like opioids, its overall impact on the gastrointestinal system can vary from patient to patient. However, the effect on lower extremity edema is a well-documented outcome of its use. Therefore, in the context of this question, amlodipine is the agent recognized for causing significant lower extremity edema among the options provided, making it an appropriate choice. Understanding the pharmacodynamics of calcium channel blockers like amlodipine is essential for identifying possible side effects and managing patient care effectively, especially in individuals with pre-existing conditions that may exacerbate these effects.