CEA Nursing Practice Exam

Which agent dilates the efferent arteriole of the kidney?

1. Valsartan (Diovan)

2. Misoprostol (Cytotec)

3. Furosemide (Lasix)

4. Ibuprofen (Advil)

The correct answer is: Valsartan (Diovan)

Valsartan, a medication classified as an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB), functions by inhibiting the action of angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor that typically affects the efferent arteriole in the kidney. By blocking this receptor, Valsartan leads to dilation of the efferent arteriole, which can decrease glomerular pressure and improve renal blood flow. This dilation is particularly significant in situations where there is increased pressure within the glomeruli, such as in conditions of hypertension or heart failure. The improved blood flow resulting from the dilation can help reduce the workload on the kidneys and may assist in preserving renal function under stress. Other medications listed do not primarily target the efferent arteriole in the same way. Misoprostol is primarily used for its effects on the gastrointestinal mucosa and does not have a significant influence on renal arterioles. Furosemide is a loop diuretic that acts on the ascending limb of the loop of Henle to promote diuresis, and it does not specifically dilate the efferent arteriole. Ibuprofen, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), can actually constrict renal blood flow through its effects on prost