CEA Nursing Practice Exam

Which agent constricts the afferent arteriole upon administration?

1. Furosemide (Lasix)

2. Valsartan (Diovan)

3. Misoprostol (Cytotec)

4. Ibuprofen (Advil)

The correct answer is: Ibuprofen (Advil)

The correct choice is Ibuprofen (Advil) because it is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that reduces the production of prostaglandins, which are important for maintaining the dilation of the afferent arteriole in the kidney. By inhibiting cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes, ibuprofen decreases the synthesis of prostaglandins, leading to vasoconstriction of the afferent arteriole. This effect can result in reduced renal blood flow and glomerular filtration pressure, which may be significant in certain clinical situations, particularly when there is pre-existing renal impairment. The other agents listed have different mechanisms of action. Furosemide is a loop diuretic that primarily works on the loop of Henle to promote diuresis and does not substantially affect the afferent arteriole. Valsartan is an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB), which predominantly causes dilation of the efferent arteriole rather than constriction of the afferent. Misoprostol is a prostaglandin analog that promotes vasodilation, which would not lead to constriction of the afferent arteriole but rather supports blood flow to the kidneys. Thus, ibuprofen