CEA Nursing Practice Exam

What is the recommended initial management approach for a patient with suspected heart failure?

1. Diuretics

2. Beta-blockers

3. ACE inhibitors

4. Cardiac rehabilitation

The correct answer is: Diuretics

The initial management of a patient with suspected heart failure often involves the use of diuretics. This approach is taken because one of the primary issues in heart failure is fluid overload due to the heart's decreased ability to pump effectively. Diuretics, such as furosemide, help to remove excess fluid from the body, thus alleviating symptoms such as edema, shortness of breath, and congestion. This reduction in fluid retention can lead to improved patient comfort and is critical for stabilizing the patient early in the treatment process. In contrast, while beta-blockers and ACE inhibitors are important for managing heart failure in the long term and improving overall outcomes, they are typically not the first interventions initiated in acute situations. These medications are valuable for their ability to improve heart function and reduce mortality over time but may take longer to exhibit their effects. Cardiac rehabilitation, on the other hand, involves structured exercise and education programs and is usually not initiated in the acute setting of suspected heart failure. It is more appropriate after stabilization has occurred and the patient is ready to engage in recovery and rehabilitation efforts. Therefore, the use of diuretics is the most immediate and relevant intervention for managing symptoms in the early stages of heart failure.