CEA Nursing Practice Exam

What is the most commonly described side effect of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor therapy?

1. Tachycardia

2. Myalgia

3. Rhabdomyolysis

4. Airway swelling

The correct answer is: Myalgia

Myalgia is indeed the most commonly described side effect of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, commonly known as statins. Statins are widely prescribed to lower cholesterol levels and reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases. As they interfere with cholesterol synthesis, they can affect muscle metabolism, leading to symptoms of muscle pain or discomfort known as myalgia. The prevalence of myalgia among patients taking statins is relatively high, with many reporting this symptom during therapy. Unlike more severe side effects, which are less common, myalgia occurs in a significant number of patients, prompting healthcare providers to frequently assess this symptom during treatment. In contrast, while rhabdomyolysis is a serious condition that can be associated with statin use, it occurs far less frequently. It's characterized by severe muscle damage and can lead to kidney failure, but it is not the side effect that most patients will encounter. Airway swelling and tachycardia are not typical side effects associated with statin therapy. Airway swelling is more related to allergic reactions, and tachycardia is not generally attributed to statin use, making myalgia the standout common side effect in this context.