CEA Nursing Practice Exam

In patients with chest pain, which test is critical in ruling out myocardial infarction?

1. Electrocardiogram (ECG)

2. Chest x-ray

3. Cardiac biomarkers

4. Stress test

The correct answer is: Cardiac biomarkers

In the context of evaluating chest pain and particularly in ruling out myocardial infarction, cardiac biomarkers hold a critical role. These biomarkers, which include troponin, are proteins released into the bloodstream when there is damage to the heart muscle. Monitoring the levels of these biomarkers helps confirm or rule out myocardial injury. While an electrocardiogram (ECG) is essential for assessing the heart's electrical activity and can indicate ischemia or infarction, it may not always show changes in the early phases of a heart attack. On the other hand, a chest x-ray primarily aids in visualizing the lung fields and may help exclude other conditions but does not specifically address myocardial infarction. A stress test assesses heart function under controlled exercise but is not used for initial evaluation in acute settings where myocardial infarction is suspected. Thus, measuring cardiac biomarkers is critical as they provide definitive evidence of myocardial injury, making them indispensable in the assessment of patients with chest pain suspected of having a myocardial infarction.