CEA Nursing Practice Exam

In patients with a history of substance use, which cancer risk factors are crucial to assess?

1. Obesity and hypertension

2. Smoking and alcohol use

3. Exercise and diet

4. Family history of cancer

The correct answer is: Smoking and alcohol use

In patients with a history of substance use, particularly smoking and alcohol use, assessing these factors is crucial because both are well-established carcinogens that significantly increase the risk of various cancers. Smoking is associated with a higher risk of lung cancer, throat cancer, mouth cancer, and several other types. Alcohol consumption, particularly in excessive amounts, has been linked to cancers of the breast, liver, esophagus, and colorectal region. Considering patients with a substance use history, it's particularly important to evaluate these behaviors, as they may indicate a higher tendency for continued risk-taking or poor health practices that could lead to increased cancer risk. Addressing and managing smoking and alcohol use can play a pivotal role in reducing cancer risk and improving overall health outcomes in these patients. While obesity, hypertension, exercise, diet, and family history of cancer can also be relevant factors in cancer risk assessment, the direct impact of smoking and alcohol use makes them particularly significant in the context of patients with a history of substance use.